Used as a function word before a common noun which names a specific or known object, or to limit the application of a noun to one certain object.

这；此；其(定冠词，用于普通名词之前，以限制其意义者)。

Used as a function word to indicate that a following noun or noun equivalent is a unique or a particular member of its class.

表示后面所跟的名词是同类中独一无二或特别的一个。

Used as a function word before an absolute adjective.

表示后面所跟的形容词是绝对的(最高级)。

Used as a function word to give an adjective substantive force, or render a notion abstract.

用以使一个形容词具有名词性质，或使一个观念变成抽象。

Used as a function word before a singular substantivized adjective to indicate an abstract idea.

放在作为单数名词用之形容词的前面，以表示抽象的观念。

Used as a function word before a singular noun to indicate that the noun is to be understood generically.

用在单数名词前，表同类全体。

Used as a function word to give distributive force; equivalent to a, per, each, etc.

表示"每一"；每"之意。

Than before; than otherwise; to what extent; to that extent.

更；愈(用于比较级前)。