A level or rolling treeless plain that is characteristic of arctic and subarctic regions or mountainous area above timberline, consist of black mucky soil with a permanently frozen subsoil, and has a dominant vegetation of mosses, lichens, herbs, and dwarf shrubs.

[the ~]冻原带。在(西伯利亚或北极之)极地及高山地区无林木生长之土地，由裸露之土地到各类型植被所覆盖者均属之，其植被以禾草、莎草、阔叶草、矮灌木、藓苔及地衣为主。