Orig. a name, often descriptive, added to the Christian name, as in Charles the Bold; now, the last, or family name, shared by all members of the same family.

姓；氏。

Additional name, often descriptive, added to the Christian name.

别号；别名。

To give a family name to; call by a family name.

冠以姓氏；呼以姓氏。

To give an additional name, title, or epithet to; to call by another or additional name.

取别名、绰号或头衔。