incapacitate (someone)
To cause someone to be physically unable to do something. Oh man, that illness incapacitated me for weeks—I still get tired just walking up and down the steps.
incapacitate someone (for something) (for a period of time)
to make someone physically unfit for [doing] something for a period of time. The accident incapacitated Rick for further work for a year. Sam's carelessness incapacitated Frank for a month.